Complex numbers C# Exercise - C# Programming Course

// Importing the System namespace for basic system functionalities like Console for input/output
using System;

public class ComplexNumber
{
    // Private fields for the real and imaginary parts of the complex number
    private double real;
    private double imaginary;

    // Constructor to set the values for the real and imaginary parts
    public ComplexNumber(double real, double imaginary)
    {
        this.real = real; // Setting the real part
        this.imaginary = imaginary; // Setting the imaginary part
    }

    // Getter for the real part
    public double GetReal()
    {
        return real; // Returning the real part
    }

    // Setter for the real part
    public void SetReal(double real)
    {
        this.real = real; // Updating the real part
    }

    // Getter for the imaginary part
    public double GetImaginary()
    {
        return imaginary; // Returning the imaginary part
    }

    // Setter for the imaginary part
    public void SetImaginary(double imaginary)
    {
        this.imaginary = imaginary; // Updating the imaginary part
    }

    // Method to return the complex number as a string in the format "(real, imaginary)"
    public override string ToString()
    {
        return $"({real},{imaginary})"; // Returning the complex number as a string
    }

    // Method to calculate and return the magnitude of the complex number
    public double GetMagnitude()
    {
        return Math.Sqrt(real * real + imaginary * imaginary); // Returning the magnitude (square root of a^2 + b^2)
    }

    // Method to add another complex number to this one
    public ComplexNumber Add(ComplexNumber other)
    {
        double newReal = this.real + other.GetReal(); // Summing the real parts
        double newImaginary = this.imaginary + other.GetImaginary(); // Summing the imaginary parts
        return new ComplexNumber(newReal, newImaginary); // Returning the new complex number
    }

    // Main method to test the functionality of the ComplexNumber class
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Creating two complex numbers
        ComplexNumber complex1 = new ComplexNumber(2, -3); // 2 - 3i
        ComplexNumber complex2 = new ComplexNumber(1, 4); // 1 + 4i

        // Printing the complex numbers
        Console.WriteLine($"Complex number 1: {complex1}"); // Output: (2,-3)
        Console.WriteLine($"Complex number 2: {complex2}"); // Output: (1,4)

        // Printing the magnitude of the first complex number
        Console.WriteLine($"Magnitude of complex number 1: {complex1.GetMagnitude()}"); // Output: Magnitude of 2 - 3i

        // Adding the two complex numbers and displaying the result
        ComplexNumber sum = complex1.Add(complex2); // Adding the two complex numbers
        Console.WriteLine($"Sum of complex numbers: {sum}"); // Output: (3,1)
    }
}