Ejercicio
Programas informáticos
Objetivo
Cree un programa de C# que pueda almacenar hasta 1000 registros de programas informáticos. Para cada programa, debe conservar los siguientes datos:
* Nombre
* Categoría
* Descripción
* Versión (es un conjunto de 3 datos: número de versión -texto-, mes de lanzamiento -byte- y año de lanzamiento -corto sin firmar-)
El programa debe permitir al usuario las siguientes operaciones:
1 - Agregue datos de un nuevo programa (el nombre no debe estar vacío, la categoría no debe tener más de 30 letras (o debe volver a ingresarse), y para la descripción, aceptará solo las primeras 100 letras ingresadas y omitirá el resto; la versión no necesita validación).
2 - Mostrar los nombres de todos los programas almacenados. Cada nombre debe aparecer en una línea. Si hay más de 20 programas, debe hacer una pausa después de mostrar cada bloque de 20 programas y esperar a que el usuario presione Entrar antes de continuar. El usuario debe ser notificado si no hay datos.
3 - Ver todos los datos de un determinado programa (de parte de su nombre, categoría o descripción, distingue entre mayúsculas y minúsculas). Si hay varios programas que contienen ese texto, el programa mostrará todos ellos, separados por una línea en blanco. Se debe notificar al usuario si no se encuentran coincidencias.
4 - Actualizar un registro (solicitando al usuario el número, el programa mostrará el valor anterior de cada campo, y el usuario puede presionar Enter para no modificar ninguno de los datos). Se le debe advertir (pero no volver a preguntarle) si ingresa un número de registro incorrecto. No es necesario validar ninguno de los campos.
5 - Eliminar un registro, cuyo número será indicado por el usuario. Se le debe advertir (pero no volver a preguntarle) si ingresa un número incorrecto.
6 - Ordenar los datos alfabéticamente por nombre.
7 - Fijar espacios redundantes (convertir todas las secuencias de dos o más espacios en un solo espacio, solo en el nombre, para todos los registros existentes).
X - Salir de la aplicación (como no almacenamos la información, los datos se perderán).
Código de Ejemplo
using System; // Importing the System namespace for accessing Console, Math, and other functionalities
using System.Collections.Generic; // Importing the Collections.Generic namespace to use Comparer
class Program
{
// Define the Program struct to store the program details
struct ProgramRecord
{
public string Name; // The name of the program
public string Category; // The category of the program
public string Description; // A brief description of the program
public (string VersionNumber, byte LaunchMonth, ushort LaunchYear) Version; // The version of the program, including version number, launch month, and launch year
}
static void Main()
{
// Create an array to hold up to 1000 program records
ProgramRecord[] programs = new ProgramRecord[1000];
int programCount = 0; // Keeps track of how many programs have been added
while (true) // Infinite loop to keep the menu running until the user chooses to exit
{
Console.WriteLine("Program Management System"); // Display the system title
Console.WriteLine("1 - Add a new program"); // Option to add a new program
Console.WriteLine("2 - Show all program names"); // Option to show all program names
Console.WriteLine("3 - View details of a program"); // Option to view detailed information of a program
Console.WriteLine("4 - Update a record"); // Option to update an existing program record
Console.WriteLine("5 - Delete a record"); // Option to delete a program record
Console.WriteLine("6 - Sort by program name"); // Option to sort programs alphabetically by name
Console.WriteLine("7 - Fix redundant spaces in names"); // Option to fix redundant spaces in program names
Console.WriteLine("X - Exit"); // Option to exit the program
Console.Write("Enter an option: "); // Prompt the user to select an option
string choice = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the user's choice
switch (choice.ToUpper()) // Convert the choice to uppercase and process it
{
case "1":
// Adding a new program
if (programCount >= 1000) // Check if the program limit has been reached
{
Console.WriteLine("Error: Program limit reached."); // Inform the user if the program limit is reached
break; // Exit the case if the limit is reached
}
// Get program details from the user
string name;
do
{
Console.Write("Enter program name: "); // Prompt the user for the program name
name = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the program name from the user input
} while (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name)); // Keep asking until the user enters a valid name
string category;
do
{
Console.Write("Enter category (max 30 characters): "); // Prompt the user for the program category
category = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the category
} while (category.Length > 30); // Keep asking if the category is longer than 30 characters
Console.Write("Enter description (max 100 characters): "); // Prompt the user for the program description
string description = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the description
if (description.Length > 100) description = description.Substring(0, 100); // Trim the description if it's longer than 100 characters
Console.Write("Enter version number: "); // Prompt for the version number
string versionNumber = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the version number
Console.Write("Enter launch month (1-12): "); // Prompt for the launch month
byte launchMonth = byte.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); // Read and parse the launch month
Console.Write("Enter launch year: "); // Prompt for the launch year
ushort launchYear = ushort.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); // Read and parse the launch year
// Store the program details in the programs array
programs[programCount] = new ProgramRecord
{
Name = name,
Category = category,
Description = description,
Version = (versionNumber, launchMonth, launchYear) // Store version details as a tuple
};
programCount++; // Increment the count of added programs
Console.WriteLine("Program added successfully!"); // Inform the user that the program has been added
break;
case "2":
// Displaying all program names
if (programCount == 0) // Check if there are no programs stored
{
Console.WriteLine("No programs stored."); // Inform the user that no programs exist
break; // Exit the case if there are no programs
}
int index = 0; // Initialize the index for program names display
while (index < programCount) // Loop through all programs
{
for (int i = index; i < Math.Min(index + 20, programCount); i++) // Display 20 programs at a time
{
Console.WriteLine(programs[i].Name); // Display the program name
}
if (index + 20 < programCount) // Check if there are more programs to display
{
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to see the next 20 programs..."); // Prompt the user to see more programs
Console.ReadLine(); // Wait for the user to press Enter
}
index += 20; // Move the index to the next 20 programs
}
break;
case "3":
// Viewing program details
Console.Write("Enter part of the name, category, or description to search: "); // Prompt the user to search
string searchQuery = Console.ReadLine().ToLower(); // Read and convert the search query to lowercase
bool found = false; // Flag to check if any program matches the search query
for (int i = 0; i < programCount; i++) // Loop through the programs
{
// Check if any part of the program matches the search query
if (programs[i].Name.ToLower().Contains(searchQuery) ||
programs[i].Category.ToLower().Contains(searchQuery) ||
programs[i].Description.ToLower().Contains(searchQuery))
{
// Display the program details if a match is found
Console.WriteLine($"Program {i + 1}:");
Console.WriteLine($" Name: {programs[i].Name}");
Console.WriteLine($" Category: {programs[i].Category}");
Console.WriteLine($" Description: {programs[i].Description}");
Console.WriteLine($" Version: {programs[i].Version.VersionNumber}, {programs[i].Version.LaunchMonth}/{programs[i].Version.LaunchYear}");
Console.WriteLine();
found = true; // Set the flag to true if a match is found
}
}
if (!found) // If no match was found, inform the user
{
Console.WriteLine("No matching program found.");
}
break;
case "4":
// Updating a program record
Console.Write("Enter the program name to update: "); // Prompt the user for the program name to update
string nameToUpdate = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the name of the program to update
bool updated = false; // Flag to check if the program was updated
for (int i = 0; i < programCount; i++) // Loop through the programs
{
if (programs[i].Name.Equals(nameToUpdate, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) // Check if the program name matches
{
// Get new program details from the user
Console.Write("Enter new program name: ");
programs[i].Name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter new category: ");
programs[i].Category = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter new description: ");
programs[i].Description = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter new version number: ");
programs[i].Version = (Console.ReadLine(), byte.Parse(Console.ReadLine()), ushort.Parse(Console.ReadLine()));
updated = true; // Set flag to true if the program was updated
Console.WriteLine("Program updated successfully!");
break;
}
}
if (!updated) // If the program was not found, inform the user
{
Console.WriteLine("Program not found.");
}
break;
case "5":
// Deleting a program record
Console.Write("Enter the program name to delete: "); // Prompt the user for the program name to delete
string nameToDelete = Console.ReadLine(); // Read the name of the program to delete
bool deleted = false; // Flag to check if the program was deleted
for (int i = 0; i < programCount; i++) // Loop through the programs
{
if (programs[i].Name.Equals(nameToDelete, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) // Check if the program name matches
{
// Shift all subsequent programs one position to the left
for (int j = i; j < programCount - 1; j++)
{
programs[j] = programs[j + 1];
}
programCount--; // Decrease the program count
deleted = true; // Set the flag to true if the program was deleted
Console.WriteLine("Program deleted successfully!");
break;
}
}
if (!deleted) // If the program was not found, inform the user
{
Console.WriteLine("Program not found.");
}
break;
case "6":
// Sorting programs by name
Array.Sort(programs, 0, programCount, Comparer.Create((x, y) => x.Name.CompareTo(y.Name))); // Sort the programs by name
Console.WriteLine("Programs sorted by name.");
break;
case "7":
// Fixing redundant spaces in program names
for (int i = 0; i < programCount; i++) // Loop through the programs
{
programs[i].Name = programs[i].Name.Trim(); // Remove leading and trailing spaces
programs[i].Name = string.Join(" ", programs[i].Name.Split(new char[] { ' ' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)); // Remove extra spaces between words
}
Console.WriteLine("Redundant spaces removed.");
break;
case "X":
return; // Exit the program when the user enters 'X'
default:
Console.WriteLine("Invalid option, try again."); // Inform the user if an invalid option is selected
break;
}
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to return to the menu..."); // Prompt the user to press Enter to go back to the menu
Console.ReadLine(); // Wait for the user to press Enter
}
}
}