Software Design Principles: SOLID Principles

What are the SOLID Principles?

The SOLID Principles are a set of five Software Design Principles that promote more structured and maintainable code.

Importance of SOLID in Software Development

These principles allow you to develop scalable applications and avoid common problems such as spaghetti code and difficult code reuse.

The 5 SOLID Principles

• S (Single Responsibility Principle - SRP): A class should have a single responsibility.
• O (Open/Closed Principle - OCP): Code should be open to extension but closed to modification.
• L (Liskov Substitution Principle - LSP): Derived classes should be able to override their base classes without altering behavior.
• I (Interface Segregation Principle - ISP): Interfaces should be specific and not require the implementation of unnecessary methods.
• D (Dependency Inversion Principle - DIP): High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules, but rather on abstractions.

Example of SOLID Application in Python

Let's look at a practical example of the Single Responsibility Principle (SRP):

class ReportGenerator:
    def generate(self, data):
        return f"Report generated with: {data}"

class ReportSaver:
    def save(self, report):
        with open("report.txt", "w") as file:
            file.write(report)

# Applying the SRP (Single Responsibility Principle)
report = ReportGenerator().generate("Important data")
ReportSaver().save(report)

This code follows the SRP by splitting report generation and saving into separate classes.

Conclusion

The SOLID Principles are essential for developing clean and scalable software. Applying them improves code quality and facilitates maintainability.